Merlins of the Wicklow Mountains
This is the title of Anthony Mc Elheron's short book on the merlins in his part of Wicklow. Mc Elheron works as a Conservation Ranger for the NPWS and has devoted many hours and days to observing the birds, in summer and winter. The main section of the book is an expanded field journal of one breeding season spent observing a pair at Duff Hill, in the northern end of the range. Tragically, that year's brood was lost just days before fledging, for unknown reasons.
The short text invites us along with the ranger as he sits out his early morning vigil in May and June, watching mating and hunting behaviour from a secure perch not far from the nest site. These tiny falcons quarter pipits, wrens, wheatears and other small birds in their uplands territories, and were even observed killing a snipe on one occasion. They also take moths, especially emperor and northern eggar; these are a vital source of calcium for the female during egg formation.
At the start of his chronology in chapter two he writes:
The morning of 29 March was bitterly cold, with banks of white cloud broken at infrequent intervals by a constant north-easterly breeze. First light revealed a carpet of frost gripping every aspect of the dark and bleak moor. The first rays of sun from the east seemed to take an eternity to arrive but, when they came, exploded through the huge gap between Scarr and Knocknacloghoge. Spreading a thin veil of milky yellow, they raced like lightning along the carpet of dormant heather, through the great swath of Juncus reeds adjoining the new plantation and finally enveloping the larch, which fronted the vast forest of Sitka spruce.
Wicklow's merlins are, from this account, in good shape. A coloured map of the Wicklow mountains shows 26 sites, of which 15 or 16 are occupied in an average year. In a bad year, no pairs may breed at all, while in an optimum season, 21 sites had fledged young.
In autumn, female and juvenile merlins leave the breeding ranges for the lowlands and coast, leaving the males to occupy the home territories. At this time, the males are harder to find, but Mc Elheron's persistence paid off and he was able to show that siskins replaced pipits as the mainstay of the birds' diet.
There is a small amount of comparative data here with counties Kildare and Sligo, but no mention is made of the merlin's range in Mayo and Galway, where the species is widespread. In the parts of Mayo that I am familiar with, merlins turn up regularly in winter along the coast and around freshwater lakes. In summer, an appearance by this little falcon regularly breaks the monotony of a tramp across the bleak bogs of Erris and the Erriff Valley. At the same time, they are scarce in the drumlin country where I have lived for twelve years and where I can count only two sightings: one, of a merlin plucking a pipit off a wire opposite my house, and another memorable encounter when a hunting merlin almost collided with me and seemed to recharge my stressed-out frame. This simply suggests that merlins are quite particular in their habits and do not roam much outside the typical habitats, unlike their larger cousin the peregrine.
The forthcoming Atlas of Breeding Birds may give some passionate observer the chance to see how the merlin is doing in south Connemara's lake country, a traditional stronghold. I hope that my own searches in the parts of Erris that I love will produce a few results, to figure as red dots one day on the Atlas's merlin map. This too can be part of one's 'stain left on the silence'.
The short text invites us along with the ranger as he sits out his early morning vigil in May and June, watching mating and hunting behaviour from a secure perch not far from the nest site. These tiny falcons quarter pipits, wrens, wheatears and other small birds in their uplands territories, and were even observed killing a snipe on one occasion. They also take moths, especially emperor and northern eggar; these are a vital source of calcium for the female during egg formation.
At the start of his chronology in chapter two he writes:
The morning of 29 March was bitterly cold, with banks of white cloud broken at infrequent intervals by a constant north-easterly breeze. First light revealed a carpet of frost gripping every aspect of the dark and bleak moor. The first rays of sun from the east seemed to take an eternity to arrive but, when they came, exploded through the huge gap between Scarr and Knocknacloghoge. Spreading a thin veil of milky yellow, they raced like lightning along the carpet of dormant heather, through the great swath of Juncus reeds adjoining the new plantation and finally enveloping the larch, which fronted the vast forest of Sitka spruce.
Wicklow's merlins are, from this account, in good shape. A coloured map of the Wicklow mountains shows 26 sites, of which 15 or 16 are occupied in an average year. In a bad year, no pairs may breed at all, while in an optimum season, 21 sites had fledged young.
In autumn, female and juvenile merlins leave the breeding ranges for the lowlands and coast, leaving the males to occupy the home territories. At this time, the males are harder to find, but Mc Elheron's persistence paid off and he was able to show that siskins replaced pipits as the mainstay of the birds' diet.
There is a small amount of comparative data here with counties Kildare and Sligo, but no mention is made of the merlin's range in Mayo and Galway, where the species is widespread. In the parts of Mayo that I am familiar with, merlins turn up regularly in winter along the coast and around freshwater lakes. In summer, an appearance by this little falcon regularly breaks the monotony of a tramp across the bleak bogs of Erris and the Erriff Valley. At the same time, they are scarce in the drumlin country where I have lived for twelve years and where I can count only two sightings: one, of a merlin plucking a pipit off a wire opposite my house, and another memorable encounter when a hunting merlin almost collided with me and seemed to recharge my stressed-out frame. This simply suggests that merlins are quite particular in their habits and do not roam much outside the typical habitats, unlike their larger cousin the peregrine.
The forthcoming Atlas of Breeding Birds may give some passionate observer the chance to see how the merlin is doing in south Connemara's lake country, a traditional stronghold. I hope that my own searches in the parts of Erris that I love will produce a few results, to figure as red dots one day on the Atlas's merlin map. This too can be part of one's 'stain left on the silence'.

